Historical calendars for the year 1774.

Historical calendars for the year 1774.
In St. Petersburg at the Imperial Academy of Sciences, 1774. - [70] p. Combined with embossed binding, reduced format (9.5 x 15 cm). The cover is worn and dirty, has tears, losses, including on the spine; rare temporary and household stains on the pages; the mark of a second-hand bookstore on the back of the cover.

The text of one of the first Siberian chronicles "On the conquest of Siberia" (Pustozerskaya Chronicle [Pustozerskiy Chronicler]) with a description of the campaign of ataman Yermak is included in the monograph. 

[The first calendar for the year 1709, printed in 1708, shortly after the introduction of the civil font, was called the "Calendar, or Christian Month". Its volume was 28 sheets.

Since 1726, the printing of the Large Calendar was transferred to the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Its name has varied at different periods: "the Calendar or Calendars historical..., Calendar, or a Calendar of historical and genealogical..., Calendar, or a Calendar for the summer from Christmas..., Calendar, or a Calendar for the summer...", "the St. Petersburg calendar for the summer of Christ...", "a Calendar for the summer from Christmas...", etc. net calendar with time increased, and its circulation in some years reached 25 million copies since it was in significant demand. Usually, the circulation of books at that time did not exceed 1200 copies.

The publication of monetized books brought the Academy of Sciences a stable income, compensating for losses from other publishing projects. It was with the proceeds from this type of book production that the Kunstkamera and the library were "ordered to multiply and maintain".

The Academy was careful to maintain its monopoly on calendar printing. So, the owner of the printing house at the Artillery and Engineering Gentry Cadet Corps, Christian Kleen, issued a monthly calendar for 1780. Immediately, the Director of the Academy of Sciences Sergey Domashnev sent to the Senate a full-term, which indicated that calendars "there is the writing, especially of the Academy since its establishment belonging to, and any reprinting <...> does Academy's loss and detuning". The result was a special Senate decree "Forbidding all printing houses to print monthsales and other books printed in the Academy of Sciences". And the violator of the academic publishing rights, the typographer Kleene, received an order banning the sale of calendars issued by him: he was obliged to transfer the circulation to the Academy.

The content of the calendars in general was formed in Peter's time, but over time, additional reference materials were introduced: from 1733 - information about the post offices, from 1775 - "Register of provinces, provinces and cities located in the Russian Empire", from 1779-"Painting of cities with an indication of the distances of provincial cities from the capitals, and others – from the capitals and provincial cities".]