Certification. Autographs Yefim, Schadenko, Boris Shaposhnikov and 5 the highest ranks of the red Army on the ...

Certification. Autographs Yefim, Schadenko, Boris Shaposhnikov and 5 the highest ranks of the red Army on the "Attestacii" 1935
Dimensions: 20.5 x 29 cm.

Yefim Afanasievich, Schadenko (12(27) September, 1885, the village of Kamenskaya, now the town of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, Russian Empire — September 6, 1951, Moscow) — revolutionary, Soviet statesman and military leader, Colonel-General (1942), a member of the RSDLP(b) since 1904. In 1930-1934 member of the CCC, in 1939-1941 member of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b), since 1941 a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 1 convocation (1937-1946). Involved in mass repression in the red army. He was one of the founders of the 1st Cavalry army. 17 Nov 1919 RVS of the southern front made the decision on the establishment of the army under the command of S. M. Budyonny on the basis of the 1st cavalry corps consisting of the 4th, 6th and 11th cavalry divisions and other units. In November 1919 — July 1920, Shchadenko was a member of the RVS of the 1st Cavalry army. For participation in battles in the army was awarded of the Central Executive Committee of the Golden hours. 16 July—8 October 1920 — a member of the RVS of the 2nd Cavalry army, which directly led the defeat of the gang of N. I. Makhno. In early October 1920, he was recalled from the front to Moscow and sent for treatment to a sanatorium.

Member of most of the largest victorious battles of the red Army over the troops of Denikin, Petlyura and Wrangel. He gained fame as one of the heroes of the Civil war, and also became a close friend and ally of S. M. Budyonny and K. E. Voroshilov. He was married to Maria Alexandrovna Denisova-Shchadenko (1894, Kharkov — 1944, Moscow) — sculptor-monumentalist, heroine of Mayakovsky's poem "Cloud in pants". Kill himself. "By the end of his life, he was completely insane. To swagger and arrogance added some pathological greed and hoarding... In his own country, he traded vegetables and saved money. Ill, he took to the Kremlin hospital his pillows, blankets and mattress. When he died, there was money in the mattress — more than 160 thousand rubles. On them he died" (chief military Prosecutor N. P. Afanasiev).

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Boris Mikhailovich Shaposhnikov (September 20, 1882, Zlatoust, Ufa province, Russian Empire — March 26, 1945, Moscow, USSR) — Russian and Soviet military leader, military and statesman, military theorist. Marshal Of The Soviet Union (1940).

B. M. Shaposhnikov made a significant contribution to the theory and practice of the construction of the Armed forces of the USSR, their strengthening and improvement, training of military personnel. He worked a lot and successfully on the development of military science, on the generalization of the combat experience of the First world and Civil wars. Participated in the Commission for drafting the statutes, reflecting the key provisions of the military doctrine of the USSR. In the most famous work "the Brain of the army" defined the main provisions on the nature of the future war, deeply revealed the features of the leadership of the army in the war and gave a clear idea of the role, functions and structure of the General staff as a body of the Supreme command for the management of the Armed forces. The correctness of his conclusions confirmed the Great Patriotic war. B. M. Shaposhnikov is noted in military history as an outstanding military theorist, a talented practitioner who is well aware of operational and strategic issues. However, the name "army Brain" Shaposhnikov borrowed from the English journalist and military theorist of the late XIX — early XX century Spencer Wilkinson.

He was highly respected by Stalin. Boris Mikhailovich was one of the few to whom Stalin addressed by name and patronymic, and not "comrade Shaposhnikov", as to the absolute majority of the leaders of the country and the army. Since the end of the 1930-ies it was one of the main advisers of Stalin on military matters.Chief of General staff of the red army at the first stage of the great Patriotic war (from July 1941 to may 1942), a member of the Supreme command (from July 1941 to February 1945).

The only Marshal of the Soviet Union, retired from the armed forces of the USSR during the great Patriotic war (due to death from disease).